In Spain, a notary (notario) is a public official who authenticates documents and witnesses signatures, while a lawyer (abogado) provides legal advice and protects your interests. Both are essential—notaries charge €600-1,200 in fees, lawyers charge hourly or flat rates. You cannot buy property legally without notary involvement.
When buying property in Spain, many international buyers are confused about the roles of notaries and lawyers. These are two completely different professionals with distinct legal functions, yet both are essential for a successful property purchase. Unlike some countries where a single lawyer handles everything, Spain's civil law system requires a public official (notary) to authenticate and formalize all property transactions. This article explains exactly what each professional does, when they get involved, typical costs, and why Spanish law requires both.
The Spanish Notary: Public Official & Authenticator
The Property Lawyer: Your Protector & Advisor
The Timeline: When Each Professional Gets Involved
Why You Need BOTH Professionals
The Escritura Signing Day: What to Expect
Choosing Your Lawyer: Red Flags & Best Practices
Notary vs Lawyer: Side-by-Side Comparison
The Bottom Line
In Spain's civil law system, buying property requires both a notary and a lawyer—they are not interchangeable professionals, but complementary ones. The notary (€600-1,200) is a government-appointed official who authenticates your deed and ensures legal compliance. Your lawyer (€1,500-6,000) is your private representative who investigates the property, negotiates terms, and protects your interests. The notary makes the transaction official; your lawyer makes it safe. Never skip the lawyer to save money—this is false economy that can cost you far more if problems arise. Choose an independent lawyer before making an offer, have them conduct full due diligence, and ensure they attend your escritura signing. This professional guidance is essential insurance for your largest financial investment.